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Constitutional Roles of the
President
1) Commander-in
Chief
Art II, Sec. 2: Power as head of armed forces
2) Chief
Diplomat
Art II Sec 2: Power to negotiate treaties and executive
agreements
Art II Sec 2: Power to nominate ambassadors
Art II Sec 3: Power to receive ambassadors
3) Chief of
State
Art II Sec 2: Power to grant reprieves and pardons
Art II Sec 2: Power to commissions officers
4) Chief
Legislator
Art II Sec 3: Power to convene and adjourn Congress
Art II Sec 3: Power to address Congress on the State of the
Union
Art II Sec 3: Power to recommend legislation
Art I, Sec 7: Power to veto legislation
5) Chief
Administrator
Art II Sec 2: Power to nominate judges
Art II Sec 2: Power to command the executive branch
Art II, Sec 2: Power to appoint top
administrators
The Supra-Constitutional Roles
of the Presidency
Supra-constitutional roles refer to roles which have "accrued" to the
presidency but are not discoverable in the Constitution.
1) Chief of
Party
Source: dominance and expansion of the presidency/ power of
appointment/ media coverage
2) Protector of the Peace/ Global
Leader of the Free World
Source: US emergence during and after World War II/ US economic
dominance
3) Manager of the
Economy
Source: Aftermath of stock market crash and depression/ US global
economic dominance
4) Voice of the People/ Opinion
Leader/ Moral Leader
Source: media coverage of president
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