HISTORY 101

DR. SCHUERMAN

FALL 2000

LECTURE OUTLINES--#3

 

THE MIDDLE AGES

Terms highlighted in olive are particularly significant and may appear as "identifiers" in the tests, midterm, or final.

I.    THE EARLY MIDDLE AGES: 500-1050

    A.    The Foundations of the European Middle Ages

    1.    The memory of Rome

    2.    The German successors to Rome German kingdons.jpg (184557 bytes)

            3.    The Church as unifier

                    a.    Benedict of Nursia and the monastic movement

                    b.    The power of the Papacy

    B.    The Franks in Gaul

            1.    Clovis

            2.    The Merovingians 

                        Charles Martel

            3.    Charlamagne and the Carolingian Empire Carolingian Empire.jpg (292310 bytes)

                        a.    The Carolingian renaissance

                        b.    Collapse

                                 Div. of Carolingian Empire AD 843.jpg (137062 bytes)     Ninth Century Invasions.jpg (169436 bytes)

    C.    Feudalism

                        Fuedal organization.jpg (175938 bytes)

                       vassal, leige lord, fief, peasant, serfs

    D.    Manorialism

                        Medieval Manor.jpg (99654 bytes)

 

II.    THE HIGH MIDDLE AGES:  1050-1275

   

    A.    The Origins of States   Europe in the High Middle Ages.jpg (168793 bytes)

            1.    England  England in the Tenth Century.jpg (90515 bytes)   England and France in Age of Henry II.jpg (101745 bytes)

                        a.    William the Conqueror  Norman Conquest.jpg (166033 bytes)   

                                Domesday book

                                Bayeux Tapestry

                        b.    Henry II of Anjou (the Plantagenets)  

                                Thomas Becket

                                Richard Coeur de Lion

                                John Lackland

                                Magna Carta

 

            2.    France  Europe, c. 1140.jpg (191963 bytes)     Expansions of French Monarchy.jpg (184156 bytes)

                        a.    The Capetian dynasty

            3.    Germany and Italy  Germany and Central Europe, 12 Century.jpg (128310 bytes)    Hohenstaufen Empire under Frederick II.jpg (139534 bytes)

                        a.    Otto the Great

                        b.    Involvement in Italy

                        c.    Frederick Hohenstaufen (Barbarossa or "Red Beard")

 

            4.    Spain and the "Reconquista"

                            The Reconquista.jpg (104402 bytes) 

            5.    Eastern Europe

 

    B.    The Rise of the Papacy

            1.    Growth of Papal power

                        a.    Papal power and abuses in the church

                                lay investiture and simony

                        b.    The call to reform

                               Cluniac reforms

                        c.    Pope Gregory VII, the Great

                                "investiture controversy"

                                Conossa

            2.    The Crusades 

                        a.    The first crusade

                                    Crusader Routes.jpg (150770 bytes)         Crusader States.jpg (77904 bytes)

                        b.    The second and third crusades.

                        c.    The fourth crusade

                        d.    Other crusades

            3.    Power, abuse, reform and heresy

                        a.    Innocent III

                        b.    Inquisition

                               Cathards (Albigensians) and Waldensians

                        c.    Medicant Friars

                                Francis of Assisi (St. Francis) and the Franciscans

                                Domingo De Guzman (St. Dominic) and the Dominicans

 

    C.    Revival and Change in Order

            1.    Agricultural development and expansion

                        a.    Technological advances

                                 mouldboard plow  Plough.jpg (202204 bytes)

                                 padded horse collar

                        b.    Agricultural techniques

                                 three field system

            2.    Revival of trade

                                    Trade Routes.jpg (249460 bytes)

            3.    Rise of towns and a new order

                        a.    The guild system

                        b.    Burghers and town charters

 

    D.    Two Medieval Institutions

            1.    The Gothic Cathedral

                        See your lecture notes on the video that was shown in class on the Gothic Cathedral

                                    Interior Spaces of Gothic Cathedral.jpg (204616 bytes)

            2.    The Medieval University

                        This topic was not covered in a class lecture, but the profs notes are provided in Lecture Notes 2

                        a.    Revival of learning

                        b.    The rise of universities  learning centers of Medieval Europe.jpg (131516 bytes)

                        c.    "Student" dominated or "Master" dominated

                                University of Bologna

                                University of Paris

                        d.    Proliferation of universities

                        e.    Organization, government and curriculum

                        f.    The "medieval world view" and medieval "scholasticism" 

                               Thomas Aquinas

 

III.    THE LATE MIDDLE AGES

    A.    Overview

 

    B.    The 14 Century, an Age of Adversity

        1.    Agricultural and economic decline

        2.    The Black Death--the bubonic plague

                        Black Death.jpg (210888 bytes)

        3.    Religious extremism and hysteria

                          flagellants

 

    C.    The Hundred Years War (1337-1453)

                        Hundred Years' War.jpg (128603 bytes)

        1.    Dispute over the French throne

                    a.   English victories

                            Crecy  1346

                            Poitiers  1356

                            Agincourt  1415

        2.    Joan of Arc (1412-1431)

        3.    Political consequences in France

        4.    Contrasting political consequences in England

 

    D.    Abuses and Decline in the Church

        1.    Boniface the VIII and conflict with France

        2.    The "Babylonian Captivity" of the Church (1307-1377)

        3.     Papal criticism and reform

                    a.  The intellectuals

                    b.  The Spiritual Fransiscans

                    c.  The conciliar movement

        4.    The Great Schism in the Church

                                            Schism and Religious Divisions.jpg (133282 bytes)

        5.    The Spread of Heresy

                    John Wycliffe and 

                    John Huss

 

    E.    The legacy of the Middle Ages 

                  This topic was not covered in a class lecture, but the profs notes are provided in Lecture Notes 3