Kowalski, T. J., Dunn, M., Hurtado, D., & McCue, L. (2011, October). Faculty support for and experiences with three normative characteristics of effective teaching evaluations. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the Midwest Educational Research Association, St. Louis, MO
Kowalski, T. J., McCord, R., & Ellerson, N. (2011, February). The 2011 AASA decennial study of school district superintendents. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Association of School Administrators, Denver, CO.
Kowalski, T. J., & Woodruff, S. J. (November, 2010). Need for practice-based research on novice principals. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the University Council for Educational Administration, New Orleans.
Kowalski, T. J. (October, 2010). Changing national profile of school district superintendents. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the Midwest Educational Research Association, Columbus, OH
Kowalski, T. J. (October, 2010). Evaluation of arguments promoting state deregulation of licensing school principals. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the Midwest Educational Research Association, Columbus, OH
Kowalski, T. J. (July, 2010). Changing conditions of the American superintendency. Presentation at the National Academy for Superintendents, The Ohio State University.
Kowalski, T. J. (2009, October). Need to address democratic deficits in public-private partnerships. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the Midwest Educational Research Association, St. Louis, MO.
Kowalski, T. J. (2009, April). Variations in superintendent preparation in three contiguous states. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Education Research Association, San Diego, CA.
Johnson, P., & Kowalski, T. J. (2009, April). Influence of strategies and planning on school tax referenda. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Education Research Association, San Diego, CA.
Woodruff, S., & Kowalski, T. J. (2009, April). Problems encountered by novice high school principals: Implications for academic preparation and state licensing. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Education Research Association, San Diego, CA.
Kowalski, T. J. (2008, November). Variations in superintendent preparation and licensing. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the University Council for Educational Administration, Orlando, FL.
Kowalski, T. J., & Lasley, T. J. (2008, November). Merit of evidence-based practice in educational leadership. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the University Council for Educational Administration, Orlando, FL.
Woodruff, S. J., & Kowalski, T. J. (2008, November). Frequency and severity of problems identified by novice high school principals. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the University Council for Educational Administration, Orlando, FL.
Kowalski, T. J. (2008, October). Future of superintendent licensing and preparation. Keynote address, Ohio Professors of Educational Administration, John Carroll University, Cleveland, OH.
Kowalski, T. J., & Amakyi, M. (2008, October). Conducting research on the relationship between superintendent knowledge and effective practice. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the Midwest Educational Research Association, Columbus, OH.
Kowalski, T. J. (2008, October) Consistency in superintendent preparation programs in Ohio. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the Midwest Educational Research Association, Columbus, OH.
Kowalski, T. J. (2008, August). Planning for school improvement. Workshop conducted for the West Kentucky Cooperative, Murray State University, Murray, KY.
Kowalski, T. J. (2008, July). Communication strategies for administrators. Invited presentation, National Superintendents Academy, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH.
Kowalski, T. J., (2008, March). Relational communication, school boards, and school improvement. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Education Research Association, New York.
Kowalski, T. J., Fusarelli, L., & Petersen, G. J. (2007, November). Evaluating civic engagement in relation to school improvement. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the University Council for Educational Administration, Washington, D.C.
Kowalski, T. J. (2007, September). School board members facilitating school reform through relational communication. Keynote address, National Conference on School Board Leadership, Des Moines, Iowa.
Kowalski, T. J. (2007, September). Value and potential of practice-based research in school administration programs. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the Midwest Educational Research Association, St. Louis.
Kowalski, T. J., & Woodruff, S. (2007, September). Meta-analysis of research on novice district and school administrators. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the Midwest Educational Research Association, St. Louis.
Kowalski, T. J., & Herrmann, K. (2007). Relationship between school performance and elements of school culture. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Educational Research Association, Chicago.
Kowalski, T. J., & Bjork, L. G. (2007). Conceptualization of superintendent roles among students pursuing superintendent licensure. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Educational Research Association, Chicago.
Kowalski, T. J., Place, A. W., and Rappold, T. (2007). Pre-design planning for new Ohio public schools: Relationships with district wealth and enrollment. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Educational Research Association, Chicago.
Kowalski, T. J., & Herrmann, K. (2007). Relationship between effectiveness and institutional culture in high schools. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Association of Secondary School Principals, Las Vegas.
Kowalski, T. J., Petersen, G. J., & Fusarelli, L. D. (2006). An investigation of the preparation, readiness, and problems faced by first-time superintendents. Paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the American Educational Research Association, San Francisco, CA.
Kowalski, T. J., Petersen, G. J., & Fusarelli, L. D. (2006). Opinions of novice superintendents on professional preparation and problems of practice. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Association of School Administrators. San Diego, CA.
Kowalski, T. J. (2006). Preparation and licensing of school superintendents: Critique of state deregulation policy. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the University Council for Educational Administration, San Antonio, Texas.
Kowalski, T. J. (2006). Effective teacher performance evaluation. Workshop for school administrators, Institute for Entrepreneurial School Leadership, Indianapolis, Indiana.
Kowalski, T. J. (2006). Managing fiscal resources. Workshop for school administrators, Institute for Entrepreneurial School Leadership, Indianapolis, Indiana.
Kowalski, T. J. (2006). Using distance education to prepare school administrators: Pitfalls and effective practice. Invited Division A (Administration) Lecture presented at the annual meeting of the Midwest Educational Research Association, Columbus, Ohio.
Kowalski, T. J. (2005). Profile of first-time Ohio superintendents: Characteristics and dispositions toward professional preparation. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the Midwest Educational Research Association, Columbus, Ohio.
Kowalski, T. J., Petersen, G. J., & Fusarelli, L. (2005). Facing an uncertain future: An investigation of the preparation and readiness of first-time superintendents to lead in a democratic society. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the University Council for Educational Administration, Nashville, Tennessee.
Petersen, G. J., & Kowalski, T. J. (2005). School reform strategies and normative expectations for democratic leadership in the superintendency. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the University Council for Educational Administration, Nashville, Tennessee.
Kowalski, T. J. (2005). Relational communication for administrators and teachers. Invited lecture, Indiana University, Ft. Wayne.
Kowalski, T. J., & Björk L. G. (2005). Essential knowledge and practice skills: Interface of professional standards and the perceptions of successful superintendents. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Educational Research Association, Montreal, Canada.
Kowalski, T. J. (2005). Exploring research opportunities on the superintendency: Focus on preparation and licensing. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Educational Research Association, Montreal, Canada.
Kowalski, T. J., & Björk, L. G. (2005). Essential knowledge and practice skills identified by successful superintendents. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Association of School Administrators, San Antonio, TX.
Kowalski, T. J., (2005). Philosophical foundations of the DeRolph litigation in Ohio. Workshop for Ohio newspaper editors and education reporters, Hechinger Institute, Columbia University.
Kowalski, T. J., & Perreault, G. (2004). Problems associated with small group decision making. Workshop conducted at the annual meeting of Phi Delta Kappa professional education fraternity, Las Vegas.
Kowalski, T. J. (2004). A research base for building a national curriculum for preparing school superintendents. Invited workshop at the National Academy for School Superintendents, Columbus, Ohio.
English, F., Kowalski, T., Reed, C., Brown, K., Dantley, M., Russo, C., and Brunner, C. (2004). Presenting the Handbook on School Leadership. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the University Council for Educational Administration, Kansas City.
Kowalski, T. J., & Keedy, J. (2004). Preparing future superintendents to be effective communicators. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Educational Research Association, San Diego.
Sweetland, S., & Kowalski, T. J. (2004). Rehire policies affecting retired superintendents. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Educational Research Association, San Diego.
Kowalski, T. J., Björk, L. G., & Otto, D. (2004) Role expectations of the district superintendent: Implications for deregulating preparation and licensing. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Association of School Administrators, San Francisco.
Kowalski, T. J., & Keedy, J. (2003). Superintendent as communicator in the Information Age: Implications for preparing superintendents. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the University Council for Educational Administration, Portland, Oregon.
Kowalski, T. J. (2003). Role conceptualization of the district school superintendent: Implications for professional preparation and licensing. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the Midwest Educational Research Association, Columbus, Ohio.
Kowalski, T. J. (2003). Teacher leaders. Invited lecture. Montclair State University, New Jersey.
Kowalski, T. J. (2003). Visioning and planning at the school level. Invited lecture. City University of New Jersey, Jersey City.
Kowalski, T. J. (2003). Teacher leaders. Invited lecture. Salisbury University, Maryland.
Kowalski, T. J. (2003). Alternative school principal dispositions toward research-based practices in alternative schools. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Association of School Administrators, New Orleans.
Kowalski, T. J. (2003). The school superintendent as communicator: Evolving role expectations. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Education Research Association, Chicago.
Kowalski, T. J. (2003). Career orientations of alternative school principals and support for research-based practices. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Education Research Association, Chicago.
Kowalski, T. J. (2003). Visioning and planning at the individual school level. Invited lecture. University of Puerto Rico-Arecibo.
Kowalski, T. J. (2003). Preparing teachers to be leaders. University of the Virgin Islands, St. Croix.
Kowalski, T. J. (2002). Stability, turnover, and exits among superintendents: Is the Purported Crisis Real? Paper presented at the annual meeting of the University Council for Educational Administration (UCEA), Pittsburgh.
Kowalski, T. J., & Dougherty, B. (2002). Principal dispositions toward possible middle school teacher selection criteria. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the Midwest Education Research Association, Columbus, OH.
Kowalski, T. J. (2002). The supply shortage of local district superintendents: More myth than reality. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Education Research Association, New Orleans.
Kowalski, T. J. (2002). Restructuring governance in local school districts: A neglected reform agenda. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Education Research Association, New Orleans.
Kowalski, T. J. (2001). Superintendents who became professors: A proposed research agenda. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the University Council for Educational Administration (UCEA), Cincinnati.
Kowalski, T. J., & Sweetland, S. (2001). A comparative analysis of school administrator public retirement systems. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the Midwest Educational Research Association, Chicago.
Kowalski, T. J., & Nixon, A. (2001). Architect selection process and relationship to project cost and satisfaction. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the Midwest Educational Research Association, Chicago.
Kowalski, T. J. (2001). Teacher leaders: New perspectives on professionalism. Invited lecture, Georgia Southern University.
Kowalski, T. J. (2001). Teacher leaders: New perspectives on professionalism. Invited lecture, Edinboro University (PA).
Kowalski, T. J. (2001). Building school and community partnerships. Invited lecture, Shorter College.
Kowalski, T. J., & Decman, J. (2001). Effects of state deregulation policy on equity and adequacy of new school facility projects. American Educational Research Association, Seattle.
Kowalski, T. J., Ilg, T., & Otto, D. (2001). Involving superintendents in the preparation of administrators. American Association of School Administrators, Orlando.
Kowalski, T. J., & Rausch, L. (2001). Exits from the superintendency: Frequency and causes. American Association of School Administrators, Orlando.
Kowalski, T. J., Glass, T., & Walter, J. (2000). Preparing district superintendents in the 21st century. Midwest Educational Research Association, Chicago.
Kowalski, T. J., & Decman, J. (2000). Effects of deregulation on the adequacy of school facilities in Indiana. Midwest Educational Research Association, Chicago.
Kowalski, T. J., & Schmielau, R. (2000). Liberty and equality provisions in state laws and policies for funding school construction. American Educational Research Association, New Orleans.
Kowalski, T. J., Glass, T., & Hoyle, J. (2000). The preparation of school superintendents in the 21st Century. National Council of Professors of Educational Administration, Ypsilanti, MI.
Kowalski, T. J., & Gabriel, P. (1999). Characteristics and outcomes of advanced refunding of school construction bonds: An economic analysis. American Educational Research Association, Montreal.
Kowalski, T. J. (1999). Culture, communication, and leadership: Key facets of organizational change. Workshop for the Residential Leadership Program, Indianapolis, IN.
Kowalski, T. J., & Pritchett, D. P. (1999). Transition to professional development schools: Effects on planning and the principalship. Midwest Educational Research Association, Chicago.
Sudzina, M., & Kowalski, T. J. (1999). Strategies for evaluating work with case studies. Midwest Educational Research Association, Chicago.
Kowalski, T. J., & Coopman, J. T. (1998). Economic and political analysis of the use of construction management by school districts in Indiana. Midwest Educational Research Association, Chicago.
Kowalski, T. J., & Stouder, J. (1998). Barriers and effective strategies identified by female superintendents in Indiana. American Association of School Administrators, San Diego.
Kowalski, T. J., Robinson, W. Y., & Weaver, R. A. (1997). Relationship between the social environment of an urban school district and its support of innovation and change. American Educational Research Association, Chicago.
Kowalski, T. J. (1997). Communication in the context of cultural reform paradigms. Invited Distinguished Lecture (Division A), Midwest Educational Research Association, Chicago.
Kowalski, T. J., & Place, A. W. (1997). Research requirements in educational administration doctoral programs: A reform perspective. Midwest Educational Research Association, Chicago.
Kowalski, T. J., & Koryl, M. (1997). The formal evaluation of Indiana superintendents. Midwest Educational Research Association, Chicago.
Kowalski, T. J. (1996). Leadership style and personal readiness for change among urban elementary school principals. Midwest Educational Research Association, Chicago.
Kowalski, T. J., & Beerman, S. (1996). Curriculum change in “Indiana’s School That Work” pilot sites. Midwest Educational Research Association, Chicago.
Kowalski, T. J. (1996). Collaboration in public education: Building partnerships that endure. Invited lecture, Louisiana State University.
Kowalski, T. J. (1996). Creating school climates that accommodate change. Invited lecture, University of Arkansas-Monticello.
Kowalski, T. J. (1995). School reform efforts in larger school districts in Indiana: A study of imposed and self-initiated change. Midwest Educational Research Association, Chicago.
Kowalski, T. J., & Wiedmer, T. (1995). A study of public relations programs in Midwest school districts as reported by superintendents. Midwest Educational Research Association, Chicago.
Kowalski, T. J. (1995). Preparing teachers to be leaders: Barriers in the workplace. Annual meeting of the Association of Teacher Educators, Detroit.
Kowalski, T. J., & Wiedmer, T. (1995). Public relations in an Information Age: A study of practices in school districts. Annual meeting of the American Association of School Administrators, New Orleans.
Kowalski, T. J., & Wiedmer, T. (1995). Incremental school reform: A study of innovative programs in larger school districts. Annual Meeting of the American Association of School Administrators, New Orleans.
Kowalski, T. J. (1995). Creating school climates that encourage change. Invited Phi Delta Kappa lecture. University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill.
Kowalski, T. J. (1995). Building school and community partnerships. Invited Phi Delta Kappa lecture. North Carolina State University-Raleigh.
Kowalski, T. J., & Reitzug, U. C. (1994). An ethnographic study of urban school superintendents. Annual Meeting of the American Association of School Administrators, San Francisco.
Kowalski, T. J. (1994). Studies of organizational climates that encourage change in schools. Invited Phi Delta Kappa lecture, Boise State University.
Kowalski, T. J. (1994). Studies of organizational climates that encourage change in schools. Invited Phi Delta Kappa lecture, University of Idaho and Washington State University.
Kowalski, T. J. (1994). Creating climates that encourage change. Invited Phi Delta Kappa lectures. University of Arkansas and Northeast Missouri State University.
Kowalski, T. J. (1994). Building effective community partnerships. Invited Phi Delta Kappa lectures. Northwest Missouri State University and Wichita State University.
Kowalski, T. J. (1994). Studies of organizational climates that encourage change in schools. Invited Phi Delta Kappa lecture, University of Alaska.
Kowalski, T. J. (1993). An analysis of successful school partnership programs. Invited Phi Delta Kappa lecture, Albion University (MI).
Kowalski, T. J., & Reitzug, U. C. (1993). Successful school partnerships: A focus on superintendents. Annual meeting of the American Association of School Administrators, Orlando.
Kowalski, T. J., & Neat, T. (1993). Site-based management and unionism: A study of conflict among suburban school principals in Indiana and Minnesota. Annual meeting of the American Association of School Administrators, Orlando.
Kowalski, T. J. (1993). Studies of organizational climates that encourage change in schools. Invited Phi Delta Kappa lecture, Vanderbilt University.
Kowalski, T. J. (1993). Studies of organizational climates that encourage change in schools. Invited Phi Delta Kappa lecture, Union University (TN).
Kowalski, T. J. (1993). Research on school reform: Examining successful practice. Invited Phi Delta Kappa lecture, Marshall University.
Kowalski, T., & Place, A. (1992). Principal ratings of factors associated with teacher employment. Annual meeting of the American Association of School Administrators, San Diego.
Kowalski, T. J. (1992). Building successful partnerships. Invited Phi Delta Kappa lecture, Panama City Community College (FL).
Kowalski, T. J. (1992). Building successful partnerships. Invited Phi Delta Kappa lecture, Fort Walton Beach Community College (FL).
Kowalski, T. J. (1992). The empowerment equation: Schools and communities. Invited Phi Delta Kappa lecture, University of West Florida.
Kowalski, T. J. (1992). Studies of organizational climates that encourage change in schools. Phi Delta Kappa Lecture, Florida State University.
Kowalski, T. J., Gideonse, H., Grady, M., Sudzina, M., & Weaver, R. (1992). Effective teaching paradigm: Using case studies. Pre-conference Workshop, American Association of Colleges for Teacher Education, San Antonio.
Kowalski, T. J., & Weaver, R. A. (1991). Case studies in teacher education. Pre-conference Workshop. Association of Teacher Educators, St. Louis.
Kowalski, T. J. (1991). Research on at-risk youth. Invited Phi Delta Kappa lecture, Hofstra University.
Kowalski, T. J. (1991). School-community partnerships: Reforming one school at a time. Invited Phi Delta Kappa lectures, Virginia Tech & State University and Radford University.
Kowalski, T. J. (1991). Misguided efforts to reform American education. Annual School Administrators’ Conference, Indiana University-Bloomington.
Kowalski, T. J., & Reitzug, U. C. (1991). Teacher ratings of effective principal behaviors. Annual meeting of the American Association of School Administrators, New Orleans.
Kowalski, T. J. (1991). Examining school-community partnerships. Invited Phi Delta Kappa lecture, Middle Tennessee State University.
Kowalski, T. J. (1991). Creating climates that encourage change. Invited Phi Delta Kappa lecture, Southern Illinois University-Edwardsville.
Kowalski, T. J., & Reitzug, U. C. (1991). Barriers to building effective partnerships: An analysis of established Programs. Annual meeting of the National Community Education Association, St. Louis.
Kowalski, T. J., Weaver, R. A., & Henson, K. T. (1990). Using case studies in teacher preparation. Pre-conference Workshop, Association of Teacher Educators, New Orleans.
Kowalski, T. J., Weaver, R. A., & Henson, K. T. (1990). Using case studies in teacher preparation. Pre-conference Workshop, American Association of Colleges for Teacher Education, Chicago.
Kowalski, T. J. (1990). Using vision-driven paradigm for individual career planning. Annual meeting of the American Association of School Administrators, San Francisco.
Kowalski, T. J., & McDaniel, P. (1990). Self-rated competencies and needs of administrators and relationship to organizational needs in staff development: A study in three Indiana school districts. American Association of School Administrators, San Francisco.
Kowalski, T. J. (1990). Educational reform: Examining effective schools. Invited Phi Delta Kappa lecture, University of Iowa.
Kowalski, T. J. (1990). Successful programs for children at-risk. Administrators’ Workshop, Des Moines Public Schools, Des Moines, Iowa.
Kowalski, T. J. (1990). Educational reform: Examining effective schools. Invited Phi Delta Kappa lecture, Saint Louis University.
Kowalski, T. J. (1990). Negative effects of tracking students. Keynote Address, Annual Conference on Educational Issues, Massachusetts Department of Education held at the College of the Holy Cross.
Kowalski, T. J., Weaver, R. A., & Henson, K. T. (1989, February). Using case studies as an instructional tool with undergraduate students. Annual Conference, American Association of Colleges for Teacher Education, Anaheim (CA).
Kowalski, T. J. (1989). Infusing organizational theory into program planning for adult education. Annual Symposium on Lifelong Education, Center for Lifelong Education at the State College at Buffalo and the New York Society for Training and Development.
Weaver, R. A., & Kowalski, T. J. (1989). Building successful programs for at-risk students. Annual Conference, North Central Association of Colleges and Schools, Chicago.
Kowalski, T. J. (1989). Economic and social dimensions of children at-risk. Invited Phi Delta Kappa lecture, Louisiana State University.
Kowalski, T. J. (1989). Economic and social dimensions of children at-risk. Invited Phi Delta Kappa lecture, Louisiana Tech University.
Kowalski, T. J. (1989). Reforming the preparation of professional educators. Invited Phi Delta Kappa lecture, University of Central Arkansas.
Kowalski, T. J. (1989). Strategically planning your career. National Conference for Women Administrators, American Association of School Administrators, Phoenix.
Kowalski, T. J. (1989). Using vision-driven planning paradigms in long-term planning. Annual meeting of Council of Educational Facility Planners, International, Orlando.
Kowalski, T. J., & Glover, J. (1988). The role of the research professor in the laboratory school. Annual meeting of the National Association of Colleges for Teacher Education, New Orleans.
Kowalski, T. J., & Weaver, R. A. (1988). The use of case studies for improving students’ classroom processes. Annual meeting of the American Association of Colleges for Teacher Education, New Orleans.
Kowalski, T. J., & Weaver, R. A. (1988). Characteristics of outstanding teachers. Annual meeting of the North Central Association of Colleges and Schools, Chicago.
Weaver, R. A., & Kowalski, T. J. (1988). A program evaluation of interactive television instruction. Annual meeting of the American Education Research Association, New Orleans.
Weaver, R. A., & Kowalski, T. J. (1988). Forecast for curriculum workers to the Year 2000. Annual meeting of the American Education Research Association, New Orleans.
Kowalski, T. J. (1988). The promises and pitfalls of community education. Keynote Address, Conference on Lifelong Learning, Oklahoma State University.
Kowalski, T. J. (1988). Developing adult education in non-school environments. Workshop at annual meeting of the Oklahoma Community Education Association, Tulsa.
Kowalski, T. J., & Weaver, R. A. (1988). Using case studies in teacher education. Summer Conference, Association of Teacher Educators, Mississippi State University.
Kowalski, T. J. (1988). The third wave of school reform. Keynote Address, Phi Delta Kappa Annual Conclave, University of Texas-Austin.
Kowalski, T. J. (1988). The third wave of school reform. Invited Phi Delta Kappa lecture, Rutgers University.
Kowalski, T. J., & Weaver, R. A. (1987). The use of two-way audio for high school television instruction. Annual meeting of the National Association of Laboratory Schools, New Orleans.
Weaver, R. A., & Weaver, R. A. (1987). Key to success: Change the environment. Conference on Children At-Risk Children, North Central Regional Educational Laboratory, Chicago.
Weaver, R. A., & Kowalski, T. J. (1987). An international perspective of outstanding teachers: An analysis in Kuwait, South Korea, and the United States. Annual meeting of the Association for Supervision and Curriculum Development, Boston.
Kowalski, T. J. (1987). The second coming of community education. Invited Phi Delta Kappa lecture, Teachers College, Columbia University.
Kowalski, T. J., & Weaver, R. A. (1987). Characteristics common among outstanding teachers. Annual meeting of the American Education Research Association, Washington, D.C.
Weaver, R. A., & Kowalski, T. J. (1987). Key to success: Change the environment. Annual meeting of the Alternative Schools Association, Port Townsend, WA.